{"id":7380,"date":"2021-10-11T19:06:15","date_gmt":"2021-10-11T19:06:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/?p=7380"},"modified":"2024-10-02T06:39:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T06:39:15","slug":"%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b1-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b1-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 present perfect \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f: (\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633<\/a><\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 3 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect (\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc)<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u063a\u0630 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n

Have\/has + P.P (Past Participle)<\/strong><\/p>\n

P.P \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 ” ed ” \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc.<\/td>\n.You have done<\/strong> your homework<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0648 (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645) \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/td>\n.She has bought<\/strong> a car<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\n.They have seen<\/strong> you before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u06cc have\/has \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0641\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I\u2019ve<\/td>\nI have<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You\u2019ve<\/td>\nYou have<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
He\u2019s\/she\u2019s\/it\u2019s<\/td>\nHe\/she\/it has<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
We\u2019ve<\/td>\nWe have<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You\u2019ve<\/td>\nYou have<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
They\u2019ve<\/td>\nThey have<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 “not” \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n

Have\/has + not + P.P<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n

Have not \u2192 haven\u2019t<\/p>\n

Has not \u2192 hasn\u2019t<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc.<\/td>\n.You haven\u2019t<\/strong> done<\/strong> your homework<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0648 (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645) \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/td>\n.She hasn\u2019t<\/strong> bought<\/strong> a car<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\n.They haven\u2019t<\/strong> seen<\/strong> you before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u06cc (have\/has) \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0648 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u061f<\/td>\n?Have <\/strong>you done<\/strong> your homework<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645) \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/td>\n?Has <\/strong>she bought<\/strong> a car<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/td>\n?Have <\/strong>they seen<\/strong> you before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n

Have <\/strong>you done<\/strong> your homework? (Yes, I have \/ No, I haven\u2019t)<\/p>\n

Has <\/strong>she bought<\/strong> a car? (Yes, she has \/ No, she hasn\u2019t)<\/p>\n

Have <\/strong>they seen<\/strong> you before? (Yes, they have \/ No, they haven\u2019t)<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f: \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n

\u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0648 \u0628\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u067e\u0631\u0633\u0645 “\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u00a0\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u061f”\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n

?Have you eaten Chinese food before<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0647\u0631\u06af\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645.<\/td>\n.I have never been to Canada<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0645) \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/td>\n?Has she met you before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 “\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u061f” \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f “\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645”. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

.I have lost<\/strong> my keys (That\u2019s because I can’t get into my house)<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

(\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a)<\/td>\n

.I have cleaned my room
\n(It is clean now)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

(\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc: \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.)<\/td>\n

.She’s broken her arm<\/p>\n

(The arm is still injured)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u062f “\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0645.” \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n

.I have lived in Canada for 10 years<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\nPresent perfect examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0646\u062c \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/td>\n.She has worked<\/strong> in the bank for five years<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<\/td>\n.We have had<\/strong> this car for seven years<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f: VOCABULARY\u060c \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 IELTS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/a><\/strong> \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0686\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 present perfect \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 present perfect \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":7382,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25,223],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-25","category-general-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7380"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7380\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7382"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/armanienglish.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}